Lesson 11 of 1550
Registering An LLC (Or Waiting Until You're 18)
When to form an LLC, when not to, and how to do it when the time comes. Plus the legal facts of being under 18. Delaware adds filing costs, requires a registered agent, and you'll still have to register in your home state as a foreign entity if you operate there.
Lesson map
What this lesson covers
Learning path
The main moves in order
- 1The under-18 reality
- 2LLC
- 3legal entity
- 4minor contracts
Concept cluster
Terms to connect while reading
Quick legal reality: this lesson is not legal advice. I'm not a lawyer. Your state's rules matter more than anything written here. For real decisions — especially if your business involves contracts, partners, or investors — talk to a real small-business attorney. Many offer a free 30-minute intro call. That said, there are basics every founder should understand.
Section 1
The under-18 reality
In most US states, you cannot sign a legally binding contract as a minor. This means: even if your business exists, certain agreements (service contracts, bank accounts, app store accounts, payment processor accounts) will need an adult co-signer. This is not a bug — it's a consumer protection rule. Don't try to hide your age or fake a birthdate; that creates real problems.
Your three realistic options if you're under 18
Compare the options
| Option | How it works | Pros / Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Operate as a minor + parent co-signs | Parent signs contracts; business is informal | Simplest / limited credibility |
| Parent forms LLC with you as operator | Parent is the legal owner, you run it | Real entity / trust required with parent |
| Wait until 18 then form LLC | Operate informally; form once legal | Clean / delays formality |
What an LLC actually gives you
- Limited liability — your personal assets are separated from business debts (if you operate correctly)
- A legal entity that can sign contracts, open bank accounts, receive payments
- Tax flexibility — LLCs can be taxed as sole prop, S-corp, or partnership
- Credibility — customers and vendors take you more seriously
- A structure for future partners, investors, or acquirers
What an LLC does NOT do
- Protect you from personal guarantees (banks often require them anyway)
- Protect you if you personally do something illegal or fraudulent
- Save you taxes automatically (most single-member LLCs are taxed like sole props)
- Replace good business practices (bookkeeping, contracts, insurance)
The 5-step LLC formation (when you're 18 or your parent is forming)
- 1Pick your state (home state unless you have a specific reason — avoid Delaware hype for small businesses)
- 2Choose a name + search for conflicts on your state's business search
- 3File Articles of Organization with the Secretary of State ($50-$500 depending on state)
- 4Get an EIN from the IRS — free, online, takes 10 minutes
- 5Open a dedicated business bank account immediately (never mix personal and business money)
A Claude checklist prompt
State-specific LLC research
"I'm [age] in [state]. I want to run a [type of business]. I'm trying to decide: operate informally, have a parent form an LLC, or wait until 18.
For my specific state:
1. Can a minor be an LLC member?
2. Typical LLC formation cost and annual cost?
3. Any state-specific gotchas (publication requirements in NY, franchise tax in CA, etc)?
4. What a parent-formed LLC looks like practically — can I be an operator / manager without being a member?
End with: three questions I should ask a real small-business attorney in a free intro call. I will talk to a human for the final decision."What 'good' looks like
A good founder knows their state's rules, isn't pretending to be older than they are, has a parent or guardian in the loop if under 18, and forms an LLC at the right moment — not too early (waste of money) and not too late (risk exposure). Most of all, they don't let legal formality block them from starting. You can start collecting real revenue with just a parent's bank account and an honest handshake while you figure out the formal stuff.
Key terms in this lesson
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